Wednesday, 8 April 2020

New York City: Prisoners digging graves, for mass burials

Drone footage captures prisoners digging graves in hazmat suits on Hart Island as NYC eyes it as a mass temporary burial site for coronavirus victims after 437 die in a day, bringing city death toll to 3,485

  • Hart Island off the Bronx's shore in NYC is being eyed to temporarily bury the coronavirus dead
  • It ordinarily is where unidentified bodies are buried and it is staffed by inmates in the city's prison system 
  • Mayor Bill de Blasio told reporters Monday: 'We may well be dealing with temporary burials so we can then deal with each family later - he added: 'Obviously, the place we have used historically is Hart Island' 
  • But drone footage from Thursday shows that coronavirus burials may have already been carried out on Hart Island as inmates are seen digging graves in hazmat suits
  • In a normal week, 25 bodies are buried there but that number has risen to 72 since the end of March 
  • One former Rikers Island inmate who worked there said no one wants the 'ghoulish', low-paid job 
  • He fears there are not enough inmates to do the job now because 1,000 have already been released  
  • New York is the epicenter of US coronavirus outbreak with fatalities reaching 437 a day and 3,485 in total
  • Undertakers have become so overwhelmed a city official suggested doing temporary burials in a public park 
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Drone footage shows inmates in hazmat suits digging graves on NYC's Hart Island suggesting that coronavirus victims could already be being temporarily buried there, as morgues across the city continue to overflow and the death toll ticks up.  
Drone footage taken on Thursday - which is the day bodies are buried there every week - by The Hart Island Project shows inmates in hazmat suits digging graves on the island, possibly for victims of the virus which has claimed more than 3,400 lives across New York City and sickened more than 72,000. Ordinarily prisoners are seen digging in their prison uniforms.  
Mayor Bill de Blasio did not confirm whether burials for coronavirus victims had been or would take place there but told reporters Monday: 'We may well be dealing with temporary burials so we can then deal with each family later.
'Obviously, the place we have used historically is Hart Island.' 
On Tuesday, there was cops and back-hoes on the island but no inmates were seen. 
In a normal week, 25 bodies are buried there. According to Jason Kersten, a spokesman at the Department of Correction, which oversees the island, that number has risen to 72 since the end of March, when the virus exploded in New York City. 
Hart Island is ordinarily used to bury unidentified or unclaimed bodies. It was used for bodies after the Spanish Flu. 
Public officials sparked panic and disgust this week by claiming some of the dead would be temporarily buried in public parks across the city.    
That suggestion, made by councilman Mark Levine, has since been dismissed but the question of what to do with the escalating body count remains pertinent. 
Rikers Island inmates in hazmat suits dig graves on Hart Island on April 2. The island is where unidentified or unclaimed bodies have been buried for years. Now, the city is suggesting it could become a mass burial site for coronavirus victims. Burials ordinarily take place on Thursdays, which is when this video was filmed overhead
Rikers Island inmates in hazmat suits dig graves on Hart Island on April 2. The island is where unidentified or unclaimed bodies have been buried for years. Now, the city is suggesting it could become a mass burial site for coronavirus victims. Burials ordinarily take place on Thursdays, which is when this video was filmed overhead 
Bodies are buried three deep in wooden, unmarked caskets. Normally, 25 are buried a week. In the last week of March, however, 72 were buried. It is not known if any or all were coronavirus patients or whether or not the bodies, once in the medical examiner's office, were tested for COVID-19
Bodies are buried three deep in wooden, unmarked caskets. Normally, 25 are buried a week. In the last week of March, however, 72 were buried. It is not known if any or all were coronavirus patients or whether or not the bodies, once in the medical examiner's office, were tested for COVID-19
A wider view of the operation on Hart Island which has been used to bury unclaimed bodies in New York City for decades
A wider view of the operation on Hart Island which has been used to bury unclaimed bodies in New York City for decades 
A department of corrections vehicle on Hart Island on Tuesday along with trucks and a back-hoe digging mass graves
A department of corrections vehicle on Hart Island on Tuesday along with trucks and a back-hoe digging mass graves 
Diggers on Hart Island. The city has not yet confirmed whether those buried on Thursday were confirmed victims of coronavirus, or if the inmates they had wear hazmat suits did so as a precaution. So far, they say Hart Island is merely being considered as a burial site
Diggers on Hart Island. The city has not yet confirmed whether those buried on Thursday were confirmed victims of coronavirus, or if the inmates they had wear hazmat suits did so as a precaution. So far, they say Hart Island is merely being considered as a burial site 
A ferry arrives at Hart Island in New York City on Tuesday as workers continue to dig graves on the site
A ferry arrives at Hart Island in New York City on Tuesday as workers continue to dig graves on the site 
Workers are seen on Hart Island on Tuesday, digging graves, as the death toll in New York continued to rise
Workers are seen on Hart Island on Tuesday, digging graves, as the death toll in New York continued to rise 
A kayaker paddles past the island as a backhoe digs and deposits dirt in one of the mass graves on Tuesday
A kayaker paddles past the island as a backhoe digs and deposits dirt in one of the mass graves on Tuesday

THE GRISLY HISTORY OF HART ISLAND WHICH IS THE FINAL RESTING PLACE FOR MORE THAN ONE MILLION BODIES

Hart Island, sometimes referred to as Hart's Island, has a grisly history and started being used as a cemetery during the civil war in 1868 and there are now more than a million bodies buried there.
Since then it has been used as a women's psychiatric institution, a tuberculosis sanatorium, a potter's field burial site and storage for Cold War anti-aircraft missiles.
After its first use as a cemetery in 1868, the island started to be used as a potter's field for unmarked graves and accounts from the time describe bodies piling up on the island after being transported from hospitals in the city.
By 1958, burials there exceeded 500,000 and it has been used to house the bodies of victims of the 1870 yellow fever epidemic and the 1919 Spanish Flu outbreak.
During the Spanish Flu, when more than 500,000 Americans died, thousands were buried at Hart Island as city burial sites were overwhelmed.
It is estimated they would be asked to remove between 50 and 5,000 victims a day during the epidemic.
In more recent times, thousands of unclaimed AIDs victims have been buried on the island. The first were buried in 1985 away from other graves, in the belief that AIDs could infect dead bodies.
In one 200-foot trench the remains of 8,904 babies were buried between 1988 and 1999.
The island in Long Island Sound has also been the site of a homeless shelter, a boys' reformatory, a jail and a drug rehabilitation center. 
It returned to being used as a common grave in the 1980s and is still used to bury unknown or unclaimed people with bodies from across New York taken to the site twice a week and laid to rest by inmates at Rikers Island.
Due to a New York State law from the 1850s and last amended in 2007, a dead person's next of kin on have 48 hours after death to claim a body for burial.
If the body is unclaimed it becomes legally available as a medical cadavar to be used for training at medical schools or mortuary classes. 
The island, which can only be accessed by ferryboat, was sold to the city in 1868 and became a final resting place for unclaimed bodies and those used by medical schools.
In the 19th century slave owners in the South 'donated' or sold bodies of dead slaves to medical schools.
Mark Levine, a Manhattan council representative, tweeted on Monday: 'Trenches will be dug for 10 caskets in a line. It will be done in a dignified, orderly and temporary manner. But it will be tough for NYers to take.'
The comments caused a stir, prompting Levine to clarify his remarks by saying he understood any temporary burials would be carried out on Hart Island rather than public parks.
He added: 'I have spoken to many folks in City gov't today, and received unequivocal assurance that there will be *no* burials in NYC Parks. 
'All have stated clearly that if temporary interment should be needed it will be done on Hart Island.'
The mayor's spokeswoman, Freddi Goldstein, stressed that the city government was not considering using local parks as cemeteries. But she added that Hart Island, where around one million New Yorkers are already buried in mass graves, may be used 'for temporary burials, if the need grows'.
Interments of coronavirus fatalities on the island may already have taken place. 
Melinda Hunt, the founder of the Hart Island Project, said drone video footage shot last week appears to show burials of COVID-19 patients who passed away.
She told CBS New York: 'Within an hour they've buried 25 bodies, so it's a very efficient system of burials.
'Hart Island has been used during the 1918 flu epidemic. Thousands of New Yorkers were buried there, diphtheria, tuberculosis.'
One former Rikers Island inmate who spent five months working on the island until February this year has also told of the grim operation that goes on there. 
Vincent Mingalone said in a voiceover of the video that he worked as a team of around seven men who formed a supply chain to move the bodies from a truck to the mass grave every Thursday. 
They were stacked three deep and then covered with sand and soil. 
Mingalone said that he is now worried about whether there will actually be enough inmates willing to do the job. When he was incarcerated, he said no one else volunteered to do the work because they viewed it as 'ghoulish' or 'dirty' and because it was low paid compared to other prison jobs. 
Since the pandemic erupted, 1,000 inmates have been released from Riker's Island, leaving fewer people to bury the bodies when they keep piling up. 
Mingalone said: 'My concern was, they released a lot of sentenced inmates. 
'So I don't know if they're going to get the inmate labor. 
In video footage from 2017 above inmates are seen burying the dead in prison uniform rather than the hazmat suits they were seen in last week suggesting they could already be burying coronavirus victims
In video footage from 2017 above inmates are seen burying the dead in prison uniform rather than the hazmat suits they were seen in last week suggesting they could already be burying coronavirus victims
Hart Island is seen above in drone footage captured on April 2. One million bodies are buried on the island
Hart Island is seen above in drone footage captured on April 2. One million bodies are buried on the island
The drone footage shows prisoners at work on Thursday. Vincent Mingalone said in a voiceover of the video that he worked as a team of around seven men who formed a supply chain to move the bodies from a truck to the mass grave
The drone footage shows prisoners at work on Thursday. Vincent Mingalone said in a voiceover of the video that he worked as a team of around seven men who formed a supply chain to move the bodies from a truck to the mass grave 

'WE PILED THEM THREE BODIES HIGH': FORMER RIKERS INMATE WHO WORKED ON HART ISLAND

A former Rikers Island inmate who worked on Hart Island said he fears there are now not enough people willing to bury the coronavirus dead there, if it is what is decided, because 1,000 have been released and it is a 'ghoulish' job that most prisoners do not want. 
Vincent Minagalone spent six months incarcerated before being released this February. It is unclear what his crime was. 
In a voice-over of a video showing graves being dug on the island recently, he described first hand how he and others would handle them once they were brought there by the Medical Examiner's office. 
'We all met at the pit, the burial site. The least we did was 11. The heaviest day I did 24 burials. I would work on the truck, pass the bodies out. I would write in wax crayon, write the name of the deceased on the side of the box, then we.. had a wood router, I'd inscribe the plot it was buried in.
'I would pass the body off the truck to 3 inmates on the bottom. They'd take it and pass it to three inmates that were in the pit. We'd just pass the box down. they'd stack them three high until the truck was empty then at that point the machine would come... it would dump the sand, We'd rake it in, in between the boxes, we did a full layer maybe a foot above the top box then came the actual soil.  We'd rake it in, smooth it all out, then we'd pack everything with ply-boards when we were finished. Then we'd leave the pit until the next burial.
'The detail only consisted of six of us for the five months I was doing it - towards the end, they got about 20 of us and we were known as the hart island crew.  
'We took pride in what we did, we were the only ones there for these people. Just always intrigued me that there were so many stories. We didn't know this person, we didn't see them. We always wondered was this person serving coffee? Were they a janitor in a building? What did this person do in life that they ultimately wound up here alone.
'We did the best we could with dignity. We handled the bodies carefully. We carried them gently, we did our job...we did what we had to do.
'My concern was, they released a lot of sentenced inmates. So I don't know if they're going to get the inmate labor. Even when it was a full house, a lot didn't volunteer. They thought it was ghoulish, they thought it was a dirty job.
'It was one of the lower paying jobs compared to maybe working the car wash or cleaning or any of the other outside clearance jobs. A lot of people didn't want that job.
'Now it's going to be slim pickings because a lot of inmates have all been released because of this pandemic,' he said.  
'Even when it was a full house, a lot didn't volunteer.
'They thought it was ghoulish, they thought it was a dirty job.
'It was one of the lower paying jobs compared to maybe working the car wash or cleaning or any of the other outside clearance jobs. 
'A lot of people didn't want that job.
'Now it's going to be slim pickings because a lot of inmates have all been released because of this pandemic,' he said. 
The island is home to the city's potter's field, a cemetery for people with no next of kin or whose families cannot arrange funerals.
Over the last 160 years Hart Island has been a Union Civil War prisoner-of-war camp, a psychiatric institution, tuberculosis sanatorium and a potter's field burial site.
Since 1861 more than a million people have been buried there, with trucks still arriving at the site twice a week from morgues across New York. 
One there inmates from Rikers Island are paid 50c an hour to act as pallbearers and bury the dead. 
The dead are interred in trenches, with babies placed in coffins, which are stacked in groups of 1,000, measuring five coffins deep and usually in 20 rows.
Adults are placed in larger pine boxes arranged according to size and stacked in sections of 150, measuring three coffins deep in two rows. 
Since the first decade of the 21st century there are fewer than 1,500 burials a year at Hart Island. 
Hunt, who has documented Hart Island, added that help would be needed from the military when it came time to reunite families with the deceased. 
On Monday morning, nine bodies were seen being loaded into trucks outside Wyckoff Hospital in Brooklyn.
Several undertakers interviewed said they were struggling to deal with New York state's coronavirus death toll of more than 500 a day.
Ken Brewster, owner of Crowe's Funeral Homes in Queens, said: 'The majority of funeral homes do not have refrigeration or [have] limited refrigeration.
'If you don't have the space...you need those trucks,' added Brewster, whose small business has been bombarded with requests for funeral services for COVID-19 patients over the past week.
Pat Marmo manages five funeral homes across the city.
He is finding it difficult to cope with the stress generated by influx of bodies, particularly because he himself just lost a cousin and close friend to the pandemic.
Marmo said: 'The hospitals are pushing [us]. 
'They want the people picked up [as quickly as possible] and the funeral homes don't have the facilities to handle these bodies.'
A work site is seen on Hart Island yesterday as it is to be used as a temporary burial site for coronavirus victims. The island is already used as a common grave site
A work site is seen on Hart Island yesterday as it is to be used as a temporary burial site for coronavirus victims. The island is already used as a common grave site
Medical workers wearing personal protective equipment taking bodies to a refrigerated trailer serving as a makeshift morgue at Wyckoff Heights Medical Center in Brooklyn yesterday
Medical workers wearing personal protective equipment taking bodies to a refrigerated trailer serving as a makeshift morgue at Wyckoff Heights Medical Center in Brooklyn yesterday 
A refrigerator truck pictured (above) for COVID-19 victims outside a Brooklyn hospital on Sunday. Temporary morgues have been set up around New York
A refrigerator truck pictured (above) for COVID-19 victims outside a Brooklyn hospital on Sunday. Temporary morgues have been set up around New York 
Marmo estimates that his homes are currently dealing with three times more bodies that normal and that burials will last well into next month.
'It's almost like 9/11, going on for days and days and days,' he said, referring to the worst terror strikes on US soil back on September 11, 2001, that killed nearly 3,000 people.
Governor Andrew Cuomo announced on Monday that the number of deaths across New York state had flattened out since Saturday's high, below 600 a day.
He suggested the state may be at the peak of its pandemic, but extended stay-at-home measures until April 29, saying now was not the time to end social distancing.
A cross made of stones pictured in this 2016 file photo amid stones marking mass graves on Hart Island, the former location of a prison and hospital
A cross made of stones pictured in this 2016 file photo amid stones marking mass graves on Hart Island, the former location of a prison and hospital
A medical worker wearing personal protective equipment wheeling a body to a refrigerated trailer serving as a makeshift morgue at Wyckoff Heights Medical Center on Monday
A medical worker wearing personal protective equipment wheeling a body to a refrigerated trailer serving as a makeshift morgue at Wyckoff Heights Medical Center on Monday

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